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Amir Mohammad Khan also known by some as Nawab of Kalabagh〔Nawab of Kalabagh is a courtesy title of the Awan chiefs of Kalabagh in Mianwali District of north western Punjab, Pakistan〕 () was a prominent feudal lord, politician and the seventh chief of Kalabagh, in Mianwali District of north western Punjab, Pakistan. He belonged to the Awan tribe. He also served as Governor of West Pakistan. He belonged to the nobility of the sword as his ancestors were warrior chiefs for nearly 900 years〔Tarikh-ul-Awan, by Malik Sher Muhammad Khan Awan Lahore.〕〔PANJAB CASTES, by: Ibbetson, Denzil, Sir, 1847–1908, p169-170〕〔District Gazetteer of Mianwali 1915, http://www.mianwalionline.com/History-gazateer.shtml〕 == History of Kalabagh== Kalabagh, on the bank of Indus River, was a territory ruled by the Awans for long. The tribe believed that: 〔'' The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi Divisions of the Panjab, Volume 2'', Lepel Henry Griffin〕 Kalabagh, on the bank of Indus River, was claimed to have been a quasi-independent territory, ruled over by the Awan Chief, supposedly since the time of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni. It is also claimed that this area was later taken over by the Sikhs during the early 19th century, and later, during the British Raj, it was returned to the Chief family as Kalabagh jagir. The learned author of "Chiefs and families of note in the Delhi, Jalandhar, Peshawar and Derajat divisions of the Panjab" states that, "Kalabagh, the home for generations of the local Awan maliks, is one of the most ancient towns in this part of Panjab".〔Chiefs and families of note in the Delhi, Jalandhar, Peshawar and Derajat divisions of the Panjab, by Charles Francis Massy p. 543〕 It is stated in the Imperial gazetteer of India that "Kalabagh Estate. – Estate in the District and tahsil of Mianwali, Punjab, with an area of 107 square miles. It is held by Muhammad Khan Malik Yar, the AwanMalik of Kalabagh. Over 300 years ago the Awan Maliks settled at Dhankot, a natural fastness on the Indus above Kalabgh."〔Imperial gazetteer of India , Volume 14 p.290〕 Sir Ibbetson Denzil writes in "Panjab Caste," that "Their story is that they are descended from Qutb Shah of Ghazni, him-self a descendant of Ali, the son-in-law of the Islamic Prophet Mohammad, but by a wife other than the Prophet's daughter, who came from Hirat about 1035 A.D. and settled in the neighbourhood of Peshawar. Thence they spread along the Salt-range, forming independent clans by whom the Chief of Kalabagh was acknowledged as the head of the tribe. In the genealogical tree of the Kalabagh family which used to be the chief family of the tribe, in which tree their descent is traced from Qutb Shah."〔PANJAB CASTES, by : Ibbetson, Denzil, Sir, 1847–1908, p169-170〕 However, most later scholars reject this hypothesis and aver that the Awans were indigenous Hindus who converted to Islam at the time of the Ghaznavid invasions, and that Qutb Shah was a fictional creation〔See Prof Dr AH Dani 'Some tribes of Northern Punjab', Islamabad, 1991; E Dyce 'North Punjab: Its soldiers and history', Karachi, 1974; and Dr Syed MA Naqvi, 'Arabs and Non-Arabs in South Asia: A Problematic History' , Karachi, 1955〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amir Mohammad Khan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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